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    <div class="post-body" itemprop="articleBody"><p>这章简单讲解如何在 npm 项目里使用，并封装，下一章将会讲到如何配合 ts 使用，并进一步封装一些功能。</p>
<span id="more"></span>

<p>废话不多说，直接上代码：</p>
<figure class="highlight js"><figcaption><span>axios.js</span></figcaption><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br><span class="line">59</span><br><span class="line">60</span><br><span class="line">61</span><br><span class="line">62</span><br><span class="line">63</span><br><span class="line">64</span><br><span class="line">65</span><br><span class="line">66</span><br><span class="line">67</span><br><span class="line">68</span><br><span class="line">69</span><br><span class="line">70</span><br><span class="line">71</span><br><span class="line">72</span><br><span class="line">73</span><br><span class="line">74</span><br><span class="line">75</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 首先引入axios，记得提前npm或者yarn添加axios依赖哦</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> axios <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">&#x27;axios&#x27;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 这里假设使用element的message组件来弹出消息提示</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> &#123; <span class="title class_">Message</span>, <span class="title class_">MessageBox</span> &#125; <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">&#x27;element-ui&#x27;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 引入封装好的路由实例，详细代码到路由篇讲解</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> router <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">&#x27;@/router&#x27;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 创建 axios 实例</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> instance = axios.<span class="title function_">create</span>(&#123;</span><br><span class="line">  <span class="attr">baseURL</span>: <span class="string">&#x27;http://api-server.com&#x27;</span>, <span class="comment">// 设置你的后端url</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="attr">timeout</span>: <span class="number">5</span> * <span class="number">1000</span>, <span class="comment">// 请求超时时间，这里设置5s</span></span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 假设登录过时后继续使用过时token会返回403，或者没带上token会返回401</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="variable constant_">LOGIN_TIMEOUT</span> = <span class="number">403</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="variable constant_">NO_LOGIN</span> = <span class="number">401</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 封装一个当后端返回错误时弹出消息提示的方法</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="title function_">errMessage</span> = (<span class="params">err</span>) =&gt; &#123;</span><br><span class="line">  <span class="keyword">if</span> (err.<span class="property">response</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">const</span> data = err.<span class="property">response</span>.<span class="property">data</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">const</span> token = <span class="variable language_">localStorage</span>.<span class="title function_">getItem</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;ACCESS_TOKEN&#x27;</span>)  <span class="comment">// 正式项目不应该直接用localstorage</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">if</span> (err.<span class="property">response</span>.<span class="property">status</span> === <span class="variable constant_">LOGIN_TIMEOUT</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">      <span class="title class_">Message</span>.<span class="title function_">error</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;您的登录状态已经过时了，请重新登陆！&#x27;</span>)</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">if</span> (err.<span class="property">response</span>.<span class="property">status</span> &gt;= <span class="number">500</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">      <span class="keyword">if</span> (data.<span class="property">message</span>.<span class="property">length</span> &gt; <span class="number">0</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="title class_">Message</span>.<span class="title function_">error</span>(data.<span class="property">message</span>)</span><br><span class="line">      &#125;</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">if</span> (err.<span class="property">response</span>.<span class="property">status</span> === <span class="variable constant_">NO_LOGIN</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">      <span class="title class_">Message</span>.<span class="title function_">error</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;您还未登录！&#x27;</span>)</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">  &#125;</span><br><span class="line">  <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="title class_">Promise</span>.<span class="title function_">reject</span>(err)</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 请求拦截器，这里只是为请求加上token，你还可以加上一些其他的数据</span></span><br><span class="line">instance.<span class="property">interceptors</span>.<span class="property">request</span>.<span class="title function_">use</span>(<span class="function"><span class="params">config</span> =&gt;</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">  <span class="keyword">const</span> token = <span class="variable language_">localStorage</span>.<span class="title function_">getItem</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;ACCESS_TOKEN&#x27;</span>)</span><br><span class="line">  <span class="comment">// 这里只是判断如果存在token时加上token，实际上应该加上：如果没有token，应该再次登录，这个功能下一篇实现</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="keyword">if</span> (token) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    config.<span class="property">headers</span>[<span class="string">&#x27;Authorization&#x27;</span>] = <span class="string">&#x27;Bearer &#x27;</span> + token</span><br><span class="line">  &#125;</span><br><span class="line">  <span class="keyword">return</span> config</span><br><span class="line">&#125;, errMessage)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 响应拦截器</span></span><br><span class="line">instance.<span class="property">interceptors</span>.<span class="property">response</span>.<span class="title function_">use</span>(<span class="function">(<span class="params">response</span>) =&gt;</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">  <span class="comment">// 如果响应是blob二进制数据直接返回</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="keyword">if</span> (response.<span class="property">request</span>.<span class="property">responseType</span> === <span class="string">&#x27;blob&#x27;</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">return</span> response</span><br><span class="line">  &#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="keyword">const</span> code = response.<span class="property">data</span>.<span class="property">code</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="keyword">if</span> (code === <span class="variable constant_">LOGIN_TIMEOUT</span> || code === <span class="variable constant_">NO_LOGIN</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="variable language_">localStorage</span>.<span class="title function_">clear</span>()</span><br><span class="line">    router.<span class="title function_">replace</span>(&#123;</span><br><span class="line">      <span class="attr">name</span>: <span class="title class_">Login</span>,</span><br><span class="line">      <span class="attr">query</span>: &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="attr">redirect</span>: router.<span class="property">currentRoute</span>.<span class="property">value</span>.<span class="property">fullPath</span>,</span><br><span class="line">      &#125;,</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;)</span><br><span class="line">  &#125; <span class="keyword">else</span> <span class="keyword">if</span> (code === xxx <span class="comment">/* || ... */</span> ) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    message.<span class="title function_">error</span>(response.<span class="property">data</span>.<span class="property">message</span>)</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">return</span> response.<span class="property">data</span></span><br><span class="line">  &#125; <span class="keyword">else</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">return</span> response.<span class="property">data</span></span><br><span class="line">  &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;, errMessage)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">export</span> <span class="keyword">default</span> instance</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>这样基本的 axios 就封装好了，下面演示如何封装成一些方法并使用。</p>
<figure class="highlight js"><figcaption><span>api.js</span></figcaption><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> axios <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">&#x27;axios.js&#x27;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 查询用户列表</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">export</span> <span class="keyword">function</span> <span class="title function_">list</span>(<span class="params">parameter</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">  <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="title function_">axios</span>(&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="attr">url</span>: <span class="string">&#x27;/user/list&#x27;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="attr">method</span>: <span class="string">&#x27;get&#x27;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="attr">params</span>: parameter,</span><br><span class="line">  &#125;)</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 添加用户</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">export</span> <span class="keyword">function</span> <span class="title function_">add</span>(<span class="params">parameter</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">  <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="title function_">axios</span>(&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="attr">url</span>: <span class="string">&#x27;/user/add&#x27;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="attr">method</span>: <span class="string">&#x27;post&#x27;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="attr">data</span>: parameter,</span><br><span class="line">  &#125;)</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>使用：</p>
<figure class="highlight js"><figcaption><span>MainPage.vue</span></figcaption><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">&lt;script&gt;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> &#123; add <span class="keyword">as</span> <span class="title class_">AddUser</span>, list <span class="keyword">as</span> <span class="title class_">UserList</span> &#125; <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">&#x27;api.js&#x27;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">export</span> <span class="keyword">default</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="title function_">data</span>(<span class="params"></span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">return</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="attr">userForm</span>: &#123;</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="attr">username</span>: <span class="string">&#x27;&#x27;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="attr">password</span>: <span class="string">&#x27;&#x27;</span></span><br><span class="line">            &#125;</span><br><span class="line">        &#125;</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="attr">methods</span>: &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">async</span> <span class="title function_">getUserList</span>(<span class="params">params</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">const</span> res = <span class="keyword">await</span> <span class="title class_">UserList</span>(params)</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(res)</span><br><span class="line">        &#125;,</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">async</span> <span class="title function_">addNewUser</span>(<span class="params">info</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">const</span> res = <span class="keyword">await</span> <span class="title class_">AddUser</span>(info)</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(res)</span><br><span class="line">        &#125;</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">&lt;/script&gt;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>如上，就是本章的主要内容，下一章讲解如果配合ts使用，并实现更丰富一点的功能（实际上也没多多少功能）。</p>

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